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Insurer owned PBMs are no longer just middlemen; they are the architects of many of the drug pricing and access abuses patients and providers are fighting every day. Nearly 80% of all prescription claims run through three PBMs owned by CVS Health/Aetna, Cigna’s Evernorth and UnitedHealth Group, giving these conglomerates the power to design the benefit, control the pharmacy network and capture the spread between what is paid in and what is paid out.  Behind familiar complain

(3 Axis Advisors) Escalating healthcare spending and growing concern over medical debt have intensified calls for greater transparency in U.S. hospital pricing. In response, federal policymakers implemented the Hospital Price Transparency Rule — requiring hospitals to publicly disclose detailed “standard charges,” including gross charges, discounted cash prices, and insurer-specific negotiated rates. The intent behind this policy is clear: to reduce long-standing information

(The Washington Times) - - Opinion by U.S. Rep. Buddy Carter (R-GA) The PBM Reform Act, which I introduced earlier this year with a bipartisan group of colleagues, reins in pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs). The top three PBMs process nearly 80% of all prescription drugs dispensed by pharmacies. These PBMs have been manipulating drug prices and restricting access to affordable medication for their own financial benefit for decades. With this legislation, we took measurable ste

(RealClearHealth) - - Opinion by U.S. Senate Finance Committee Chairman Mike Crapo (R-Idaho) It is no secret that health care policy is a frustrating topic on Capitol Hill. That frustration reflects the worry felt by Americans searching for affordable health insurance and pharmaceutical options amid an opaque, complex and costly system. While Republicans and Democrats agree our health care system is broken, we often have very different ideas about what reforms will sustainabl

Health insurers and their affiliated pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs) have brought in yet another middleman – Group Purchasing Organizations (GPOs) – to the already complex and opaque health insurance web. GPOs act as additional pass-through, shell corporations vertically integrated with insurers and their PBMs and pharmacies – several are headquartered overseas, making U.S. oversight difficult. PBMs use GPOs to rebrand rebates as “administrative fees,” letting them pocket m

Last week marked an important milestone as President Trump signed a bipartisan bill that includes several key provisions to hold PBMs accountable. After many years of countless voices sounding the alarm on PBMs’ role in driving up prescription drug costs, federal policymakers have taken a meaningful step to curb abusive PBM practices and begin repairing a prescription drug pricing system that has failed patients, communities and pharmacies for far too long.   Patients and ca

The House Energy and Commerce Health Subcommittee’s latest hearing, Lowering Health Care Costs for All Americans: An Examination of the Prescription Drug Supply Chain , made clear that historic PBM reform is only a first step, not the finish line.   Chairman Brett Guthrie (R-KY) highlighted how the drug supply chain has seen significant vertical integration across insurers and wholesalers that now own and operate provider groups, pharmacy services, GPOs, pharmacies and even w

The House Energy and Commerce and House Ways and Means Committees recently held hearings on the rising cost of healthcare, shining a spotlight on how PBMs and insurers are driving out-of-pocket costs for prescriptions and why reform is urgently needed.   Members from both parties agree that PBMs and other insurance middlemen are limiting access and raising costs. As Chairman Morgan Griffith (R-VA) emphasized in his opening remarks the lack of transparency and complexity of t

The House Judiciary Committee today released an interim staff report " When CVS Writes the Rules: How CVS Protects Itself From Innovation and Competition ," unveiling how CVS Health leveraged its PBM and adjusted its business practices to eliminate independent pharmacy competition. As the Committee's press release points out, "CVS Health's own CEO characterized his company's actions best by writing: 'another example of a large PBM not allowing the small guys to compete.'" To

The PBM Accountability Project members and partners are highlighting a shared concern: PBMs and vertically integrated insurers are creating real barriers to patient affordability and access.  Watch new video testimonials underscor ing the urgent need for meaningful PBM reform: Emma Freer, Senior Health Policy Analyst, American Economic Liberties Project   How has vertical integration in the health insurance industry affected patient choice, medication access and drug pricing

A new investigation by Hunterbrook takes a closer look at little-known subsidiaries, known as group purchasing organizations (GPOs), in the U.S. prescription drug market.   As the PBM Accountability Project has previously called out since the first GPO was established in 2020, these shell companies were created by major health insurers and affiliated PBMs, allowing these conglomerates to quietly keep billions meant to lower employers’ and patients’ drug costs, even while p

(OptumRx, owned by UnitedHealth Group)   It’s been well reported that the top three PBMs control nearly 80% of all U.S. prescription drug claims . They were originally established to negotiate prescription drug savings for patients, employers and taxpayers – and yet, Americans continue to face higher out-of-pocket costs for the medicines they need.    So, who are these PBMs and how can we separate fact from fiction?    Let’s take a closer look at the Big Three corporate middl

(CVS Caremark, owned by CVS Health)   It’s been well reported that the top three PBMs control nearly 80% of all U.S. prescription drug claims . They were originally established to negotiate prescription drug savings for patients, employers and taxpayers – and yet, Americans continue to face higher out-of-pocket costs for the medicines they need.   So, who are these PBMs and how can we separate fact from fiction?   Let’s take a closer look at the Big Three corporate middlemen

(Express Scripts, owned by Cigna) It’s been well reported that the top three PBMs control nearly 80% of all U.S. prescription drug claims . They were originally established to negotiate prescription drug savings for patients, employers and taxpayers – and yet, Americans continue to face higher out-of-pocket costs for the medicines they need.   So, who are these PBMs and how can we separate fact from fiction?   Let’s take a closer look at the Big Three corporate middlemen in t

As 2025 comes to a close, one thing is clear: momentum for PBM reform is stronger than ever. Over the past year, patients, pharmacists, employers and policymakers have increasingly recognized what the PBM Accountability Project (PBMA) has long worked to expose. The current PBM middleman system drives up costs, limits patient choice and operates with far too little transparency. The growing recognition for PBM accountability translated into meaningful action at both the state

Vertical integration has impacted the prescription drug market in ways most consumers never see, but almost all feel.    There has been a significant increase in vertical integration  between PBMs and health insurers in recent years. This, along with the fact that the five largest PBMs controlled 93.6%  of the Part D market, 79.6%  of the commercial insurance market, and 71.5%  of the Medicaid managed care PBM market in 2023, means that very few corporate entities have signif

By Mark Blum, Managing Director, PBM Accountability Project  The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) recently released results of a second round of CMS-negotiated Maximum Fair Prices  for selected drugs under the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA). This transparency from the agency is promising as it allows policymakers and the public to better understand how negotiated prices may influence both patient out-of-pocket costs and federal spending.    Taking a Closer Look  

In recognition of a universal desire to increase health care affordability, the Senate Finance Committee recently held a hearing titled  “ The Rising Cost of Health Care: Considering Meaningful Solutions for All Americans ”  to examine possible policy solutions. PBM reform remains the most practical, bipartisan proposal to lower costs, as committee Chairman Mike Crapo (R-ID) highlighted in his opening remarks .     Senator Mike Crapo (R - ID) mentioned PBM reform as a main is

Independent pharmacies play a significant role in delivering prescription medicines to Americans across the country, representing 35% of all retail pharmacies in the U.S.   In recent years, there has been an alarming and continuing rate of independent pharmacy closures - nea rly one in three pharmacies have closed since 2010, leaving almost 800 ZIP codes that had at least one pharmacy in 2015 now having none.   A primary factor behind the decline of independent pharmacies

By Mark Blum, Managing Director, PBM Accountability Project The insurance carrier Cigna’s Evernorth division issued a recent announcement that its pharmacy benefit manager ( PBM) Express Scripts will stop collecting manufacturer rebates in 2028. The announcement was the PBM equivalent of a head fake in football, an all-too-common deflection tactic well-known to those who have tracked the PBM industry since inception. The insurance company that owns Express Scripts wants poli